Pablo Neruda’s United Fruit Company and Ode to the Americas Essay Example

Pablo Neruda’s United Fruit Company and Ode to the Americas Essay Pablo Neruda’s political sonnets are not normal for his different sonnets on account of his sharp spotlight on social responsibility and brutal real factors of life. His language is straightforward and being a typical man composed for the regular man. His work is extraordinarily reprimanded due to his allegorical references in his political sonnets not at all like some other sonnets of his time. His political sonnet significantly intercedes the Neo-Imperialism in the US during the nineteenth century. He slanders the enterprise because of the insatiability experienced by Latin American individuals during that age. This paper centers around the investigation of ‘United Fruit Company’ and ‘Ode to Americas’ political sonnets. Both the sonnets depict the significant subject of monetary and political insatiability in Latin America. This ravenousness is effective at a physical, mental and passionate scale. Pablo Neruda utilizes an analogy to exemplify common articles and generalize people to show physical and enthusiastic state brought about by voracity. The ‘Ode of Americas’ partitions itself into a tripartite structure where there is the past, present, and future. The initial refrain of the tribute uncovers the positive and peaceful past in Latin America. The speaker’s utilization of â€Å"pure Americas† shows Neruda’s solid emotions he has for his nation. The word â€Å"intact† proposes that the radicals had not blistered the nation. The â€Å"ocean guarded† which kept it immaculate. This is pretty much a military representation. A reliance happened between the individuals and nature is featured with the phrasesâ€Å"shapers of pitchers† and â€Å"workers of stone†. Anyway â€Å"United Fruit Company†expresses toward the beginning itself how voracious they were towards the Latin Americans. The expression â€Å"Jehovah gave the world to Coca-Cola Inc., Anaconda, Ford Motors† allegorically implies God decided to give the earth to these undermined enterprises rather than the normal local individuals or looking after equity. The individuals stand frail and endure due to We will compose a custom paper test on Pablo Neruda’s United Fruit Company and Ode to the Americas explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom article test on Pablo Neruda’s United Fruit Company and Ode to the Americas explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom article test on Pablo Neruda’s United Fruit Company and Ode to the Americas explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer God’s will. On the off chance that nature is a production of God

Leadership Concepts on Motivating People Essay

Authority power relies upon an individual’s impression of the things that spur individuals to perform to the best of their best capacities. A pioneer like me is one who has natural self - inspiration and who has sharpened a powerful initiative style by knowing, applying and creating which expertise will best accomplish and stimulate others. Great authority is basic to any effective association or set-up. There are a great deal of administration devices, styles and inspiration factors that I can utilize to impact others. I can initiate inspiration in light of the fact that my administration style can impact the degree of inspiration that my adherent shows. Inspiration is dictated by the different desire and style that I utilize.  â â â â â â â â â â A pioneer like me uses different styles just as methods and levels of inspiration to get things going and show up at a particular objective. Inspiration is an image of the stuff to be a decent pioneer. An abatement in appropriate inspiration with respect to the pioneer implies inertness with respect to the supporter. In an association or office set-up, workers are slanted to deteriorate when inspiration is reduce. It is an error for a great deal of pioneers who propel their supporters utilizing as our forefathers would have done it of forcing dread. This isn't suggested in light of the fact that almost certainly, a devotee under dread will just deliver transient outcomes and may perform even less effectively over the long haul.  â â â â â â â â â â As a valid and great pioneer, I rather acquaint difficulties for adherents with manage. Bringing another test in many cases instigates fervor and imagination among subordinates. It generally pays to challenge the adherents with assignments that are very out of their extent of work to permit them to demonstrate their capacities and even exceed expectations. This heightens inspiration among the individuals. In the occasion a devotee is confronted with a snag and as a persuading pioneer, Iâ give direction in deciding an answer however not to the degree of quickly offering the genuine response to an issue. It involves showing my adherents to know for themselves what right answer for take. This advances their confidence and inevitably gives them the inspiration they need.  â â â â â â â â â â I additionally utilize various instruments and styles to spur my adherents. In any case, there is a need to see first that a person’s inspiration is a blend of their sentiment of want and force planned for meeting a particular objective. Getting somebody persuaded essentially implies causing the devotee to achieve readily the errand relegated to that person. The variables for individuals to be propelled incorporate their convictions, values, interests, dread, and other praiseworthy causes. I have to consistently keep a receptive outlook or viewpoint about human instinct on the grounds that there is nothing of the sort as straightforward equation for inspiration. This is to keep myself from being confronted with a convoluted game plan of components in guiding or persuading an individual to arrive at their most extreme beneficial potential. I, in this manner, needs to learn, apply, and build up these elements. In any case, there will be a variet y in their individual response if comparable inspiration instruments or styles are coordinated towards two individuals with various characters. It is then significant for meâ to realize that individuals respond to various necessities. This attendants the right activity where I can decide the exact choice to be taken in a specific circumstance. Initiative Book  â â â â â â â â â â The book â€Å"Leadership: Theory, Application, and Skill Development† (Third Edition) composed by Robert N. Lussier and Christopher F. Achua (2006), evaluates the right and successful instruments and styles that incredible pioneers use to decide the future’s initiative techniques. The book joins exemplary authority speculations and styles with adaptable and versatile experiences that will support pioneers and even would-be pioneers to prevail in tomorrow’s workforce.  â â â â â â â â â â The book is the most pertinent administration material in light of the fact that the writers make the essential thoughts quickly identified with present day time frame by utilizing an exceptional three-pronged idea that incorporates hypothesis, application, and ability advancement. As indicated by Lussier and Achua (2006), the book covers the entirety of the customary speculations and wide exhibit of administration points in a brief yet fascinating introduction that weights on the key components. A few clear applications were distinguished by the book, which urge the perusers to utilize their reasoning abilities. The creators additionally used numerous expertise building functional activities to give critical pertinence to the ideas and to sustain authority aptitudes that are appropriate to a leader’s expert and individual life.  â â â â â â â â â â Included in this book’s version are the different opening case applications, recommended articles on Infotrac school release, data from various organizations associated with moral problems, an emphasis on morals inclusion, updated bleeding edge subjects and extended hierarchical initiative points. The book includes a few bit by bit administration capacities which are coordinated into the setting of every part or in the aptitude building works out. It additionally has application practices which require the peruser to decide the delineated thought by utilizing brief examples. The finish of-section cases give bits of knowledge on how organizations have applied the initiative ideas to address their difficulties. The self-appraisal practices empower the peruser to evaluate their own initiative abilities. Ultimately, the ability building practices help the peruser create administration aptitudes they can quickly utilize. People as Leaders  â â â â â â â â â â In the primary section of the book, Lussier and Achua (2006) introduced the various factors and occasions when an individual accepts that being a pioneer. As per Lussier and Achua (2006), pioneers and devotees embrace different jobs †there are times when the two switch capacities and there are likewise circumstances where they epitomize adaptability and perform interrelating exercises. With the end goal for pioneers to persuade their kin, the creators introduced the characteristic and conduct initiative speculations that are widespread and by and large look for simply the best administration style that can be applied in any circumstance. They vary as in the quality hypothesis harps on the individual highlights of effective pioneers while the conduct hypothesis attempts to state and clarify the real things that the pioneers perform.  â â â â â â â â â â In understanding the significant and basic job that a pioneer plays out, the creators initially distinguished the qualities and the stuff to be a pioneer. Lussier and Achua (2006) refered to the possibility of amazing football trainer Vince Lombardi when he said that pioneers are not brought into the world however made. The writers further cited Lombardi as saying that we all can be or bound to be pioneers and it is simply a question of building up the initiative aptitudes effectively present inside ourselves.  â â â â â â â â â â Lussier and Achua (2006) closed this section by expressing the interrelationships between the initial two administration speculations with possibility hypothesis. They further asserted that the possibility hypothesis decided the most fitting authority style since it utilizes a mix of characteristic and conduct initiative speculations which spread the three fundamental highlights of administration, in particular the pioneer, their devotees, and a given circumstance (Lussier and Achua,â 2006). Initiative Traits and Ethics  â â â â â â â â â â On the second section of the book, Lussier and Achua (2006) expressed that the styles utilized by extraordinary pioneers depend on character characteristics and a moral methodology is followed. The creators said that in spite of the fact that character qualities of pioneers are commonly ordered, every pioneer despite everything has their separate attribute which separates the person in question from others. This particular attribute encourages how the adherents are propelled by a decent pioneer to perform at their best. As indicated by Lussier and Achua (2006), the persuading intensity of a pioneer is estimated on the qualities, exhibitions and moral principles appeared by their supporters. The creators included that the followers’ mentalities, moral turn of events and how they morally approach a specific predicament decide the sort of hardware and style that pioneers use. These equivalent qualities are powerful both for the pioneers and adherents so as to impact one another. These highlights were showed in explicit instances of Microsoft head honcho Bill Gates who is an extraordinary case of a genuine visionary pioneer. The moral and social duty of the Timberland Company was additionally utilized by the creators for instance of making a success win circumstance. This is on the grounds that the organization had the option to choose well on a specific quandary and the choice was unquestionably transferred to their partners which made it moral (Lussier and Achua,â 2006, pp. 63-64). Administration Behavior and Motivation  â â â â â â â â â â On this last piece of the book, Lussier and Achua (2006) summed up what the entire book is about. This is the place the creators introduced the significance of the conduct, abilities and style of pioneers regarding their fundamental reason for persuading their kin and in the end accomplishing the shared objective of the gathering. Expressed on this section were the similitudes and contrast of the different substance and procedures of inspiration hypotheses. The creators said that content inspiration hypotheses focuses on deciding and securing the requirements of the adherents. Procedure inspiration, then again, raises so as to see how adherents lean toward conduct to meet what they need. In contrast to the two, support hypothesis isn't as worried about representative needs. This is beca

What to Expect at a Hookah Bar

What to Expect at a Hookah Bar Addiction Nicotine Use Print Hookah Bars, Air Quality, and Your Health By Terry Martin facebook twitter Terry Martin quit smoking after 26 years and is now an advocate for those seeking freedom from nicotine addiction. Learn about our editorial policy Terry Martin Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Sanja Jelic, MD on February 28, 2016 Sanja Jelic, MD, is board-certified in sleep medicine, critical care medicine, pulmonary disease, and internal medicine.   Learn about our Medical Review Board Sanja Jelic, MD Updated on August 14, 2019 Barry Lewis/Getty Images More in Addiction Nicotine Use After You Quit How to Quit Smoking Nicotine Withdrawal Smoking-Related Diseases The Inside of Cigarettes Alcohol Use Addictive Behaviors Drug Use Coping and Recovery Hookah bars  are commercial establishments where people gather to smoke flavored tobacco from a hookah pipe. Other names for a hookah bar  includes hookah lounge, hookah cafe, hookah den, and shisha bar. Originating in India and spreading to several Middle Eastern countries, traditional hookah lounges are coffee houses that also serve hookah. Out of deference to Muslim traditions, they do not serve alcoholic beverages. As they have gained popularity in Western cultures over the years, however, many hookah bars in the United States  do serve alcohol along with food and a variety of tobacco flavors. What Theyre Like Hookah bars in the U.S. are often decorated in trendy, modern themes to appeal to young patrons.  You may or may not find alcohol in these places, but many of them are set up to serve it, along with live music. Hookah is often smoked in small groups, so youll probably find the lounge is able to accommodate that with bean bag chairs or comfortable couches grouped around the hookah table. That said, lone patrons can easily order hookah for one, as well. If another person wants to join in later, an additional line is simply added to the hookah pipe. You might also be able to  buy oxygen, which is another unusual offering gaining recreational popularity. The oxygen that is purer than what is ambient air is typically bubbled up through flavored waters to be breathed in for a period of time. Flavorings give the oxygen a pleasing aroma, and fans of oxygen sniffing claim it helps with everything from energy boosts to hangovers. There is no science to back it up though, and those selling it are careful not to make medical claims about recreational oxygen use. Hookah Bars  in the United States Hookah bars have sprung up primarily around college towns in the United States. While smoking bans have become more strict with increased public awareness, hookah bars seem to be an exception with their ability to obtain indoor smoking permits. Other commercial locations that are allowed smoking permits are cigar bars and tobacco purveyors. The first hookah lounges in the U.S. were coffee/tea houses that served immigrant communities. Hookah was an additional offering at these establishments, not the main focus. That all changed when The Hookah Lounge opened its doors in Las Vegas, Nevada.  As the name suggests, hookah was the primary offering, but alcohol and Middle Eastern food were also served. The Hookah Lounge attracted mostly men of Middle Eastern descent initially but drew a more diverse crowd  over time. Today, The Hookah Lounge has two locations in Las Vegas. Others emulated the winning formula, calling their establishments hookah lounges as well.  There were lawsuits filed to protect the name,  but it was a futile effort. The term hookah lounge became synonymous with the hookah experience, rather than describing a specific place. The owners of that first hookah lounge in Las Vegas took to calling themselves Americas Original Hookah Lounge in ads to differentiate themselves from others. Other countries have also seen an uptick in hookah bars. Germany, Spain, The Netherlands, and the United Kingdom all have hookah lounges and theyve even gained popularity in Russia. Air Quality Young adults have taken to this form of smoking, in part because its considered to be a  unique and acceptable way to socialize with friends, but also because there is a misconception that hookah is a safe way to smoke  tobacco.  It isnt, and some of the facts about hookah smoking might surprise you. Researchers from Johns Hopkins studied the air in several hookah bars over a 9 month period.  In particular, they measured  nicotine  and  carbon monoxide  levels, along with  particulate matter  in hookah smoke smaller than 2.5 microns.?? Their findings showed that the air in enclosed spaces where hookah is smoked is laden with carbon monoxide and breathable particulate matter from the tobacco smoke in concentrations that are higher than in public spaces where cigarette smoking is allowed. Nicotine content was not as high, but it was measurable.   In another study, researchers focused on 55 healthy people with some level of hookah smoking experience in the past.??  Participants were asked to abstain from all tobacco use for a week. They then spent an evening smoking at a hookah bar.  Urine samples were collected and tested. Researchers  found that nicotine levels after were as much as 70 times higher than they were before the hookah bar exposure.  Additionally, NNAL, which is a nasty carcinogen that is specific to tobacco smoke, was present in participants in twice the amount as before, and VOCs, also hazardous to breathe in, were detected in elevated amounts between 14% and 91%. While this study looked at hookah smoking specifically, it adds to the picture of the chemicals that are floating around  in the ambient air of a hookah bar.  Inhaling the air in the enclosed space of a hookah bar is not healthy for anyone. Avoid Hookah Smoking and Hookah Bars It is a mistake to think that hookah is a safe way to smoke tobacco, and that just because hookah lounges exist, that they too are safe. Tobacco is inherently dangerous for your health, whether you are smoking it or using a smokeless variety.??  Additionally, all tobacco products contain nicotine, so it is also addictive.  The best way to steer clear of the risks is to avoid using it in any form. If you are thinking about quitting, you can read about how to get started.

Essay on Abraham Lincoln The Little Details - 1741 Words

Abraham Lincoln How well do we know all the little details of Abraham Lincoln’s life? Abe had a lot of things in his life that we don’t know about or focus on. Either we don’t see it as something important or we don’t know a lot about it. Something we don’t focus on is that a lot of mourning time happened in Lincoln’s life as a child and teen. During his early politics, he let some things from his childhood and teen years shape the way he acted. Why Abe was so determined to win the Civil War was an enormous outcome from his childhood and teen years. Along with what he did as a president outside of the Civil War. So searching and digging deeper into the facts we know about Lincoln will show that he hadn’t always had a good and†¦show more content†¦She was one out of five teachers he had (Maclean 101). She would teach him about the bible, but not things a regular teacher would teach (Maclean 101). Before her mother died, she had talked to Sarah (Maclean 101). She told Sarah â€Å"Sally, I am going away - take care of Abraham.’ ‘And yourself, my darling’.† (Maclean 101). Teen Years After moving to Indiana, Abe attended three terms of school: 1820, 11 years young, 1823, 14 years young, and 1826, 17 years old (Maclean 100). The schools that he attended in Indiana were known as the hoosier schools. The years he spent at these school amounted to less than a year (Malean 100). Abe’s first teacher was Zachariah Riney who was very much qualified to teach Abe (Maclean 99). He was able to teach Abe way more than just numbers and letters (Maclean 99). He was a large-sized man, so he could easily teach manners to Abe (Maclean 99). He was Abe’s teacher in the year 1815. Caleb Hazel was Abe’s second teacher, but he was also more than just a teacher (Maclean 99). He, to Abe, was a friend, teacher, and neighbor. He taught Abe grammar when he was his teacher (Maclean 99). Just like Abe’s dad, he was against slavery (Maclean 99). In 1830, Abe’s family moved again and with the help of Abe, his dad built a new home (â€Å"Abrahamâ⠂¬  para. 7). While his family was sick, Abe went out into the world on his own (â€Å"Abraham† para. 7). While he was on a trip he witnessed a slaveShow MoreRelatedAbraham Lincoln, Slavery and the American Civil War Essay1716 Words   |  7 Pagesinvestigation will analyze how Abraham Lincolns view on slavery reflected during and after the American Civil War from 1861 to 1865. To analyze exactly how Lincolns position on slavery affected the war overall, this investigation looks at Lincolns moral and religious views as well as his social and political views. Two main sources were used, both dealing with events relevant to his political career and his roots in his career and other important issues including slavery. Lincoln by David Herbert DonaldRead MoreAbraham Lincoln : The President That Held Our Nation Together1017 Words   |  5 PagesAbraham Lincoln Research Paper Abraham Lincoln. The president that held our nation together. Lincoln’s early life. Abraham Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809, in a log cabin in Hardin County Kentucky, to his parents Thomas Lincoln, and mother Nancy Lincoln. They moved around and eventually settled in the back-woods of Indiana. They lived in a small cabin in the back-country of Indiana. As said by biography.com, â€Å"where the family squatted on public land to scrap out a living in a crudeRead MoreJames L. Swanson s Bloody Times : The Funeral Of Abraham Lincoln And The Manhunt For Jefferson Davis950 Words   |  4 Pages James L. Swanson’s Bloody Times: The Funeral of Abraham Lincoln and The Manhunt for Jefferson Davis describes the separate journey of the two most important faces of the civil war, Abraham Lincoln and Jefferson Davis. Swanson seems to write for the purpose of allowing readers to experience the final journeys of what he believes is the most unique time in history. This adolescent version of Swanson’s adult novel, Bloody Crimes, describes Lincoln’s journey to the grave and the manhunt for the accusedRead MoreKilling Lincoln by Bill OReilly962 Words   |  4 PagesKilling Lincoln Book Review The mystery of how John Wilkes Booth pulled off the most influential and notorious assassinations in history is revealed in Killing Lincoln. The author of this book, Bill O’Reilly, built up the plot of the story through vivid historical details and pieced them together like a thriller. He tries to explain all of what happened on one of the most interesting and sad days in American history. Many conspiracies and Civil War ideals are on full display in the book. I agreeRead More Abraham Lincoln Essay1617 Words   |  7 Pages Abraham Lincoln Why I chose to research Abraham Lincoln’s life. Ever since I was a small boy in elementary school, and all throughout my grade school days, there were many great names that were spoken of and taught about. Names such as George Washington, (our first president) John Hancock, John Adams, and Mark Twain were among many others who contributed to the betterment of our great country, the United States of America. Yet there was one name that resounded in my classrooms, and in my earsRead MoreEssay on Abraham Lincoln and the Gettysburg Address1293 Words   |  6 Pagesresounded in my classrooms, and in my ears. That name was Abraham Lincoln. As a child, I had heard of great things this man had done, and wonderful things he had said. Of the many great things said by Abraham Lincoln, I recall most vividly the Gettysburg address, given on November 19, 1863. Listening to the words of my teachers and reading from my textbooks about this great man who had done great things, made me curious. I wanted to know in more detail exactly what it was that made this man so revered byRead MoreAnalysis Of The Movie Lincoln 962 Words   |  4 Pages Actually, Steven Spielberg’s film named â€Å"Lincoln† starts during the time of the Civil War, when President Abraham Lincoln was requiring this war’s end. From the initial scene the cruelty of the war is clearly shown, mostly against African American soldiers. In fact, racial discrimination was a significant problem at that time and that was one of the biggest struggles of Abraham Lincoln, as he attempted to maintain the whole nation as one union. The film describes the situation occurred in the 1860sRead MoreAn American Legend Lost715 Words   |  3 PagesLegend Lost From presidency, to a traumatic death, Abraham Lincoln lived a fascinating life. The sixteenth American president helped in the preservation of American freedoms, bringing an end to slavery. From The Emancipation Proclamation to the development of the secret service, Abraham Lincoln set an example for the future leadership of America. As the Civil War began in April 1861, a detective named Allan Pinkerton gave assistance to Abraham Lincoln. The president requested his presence immediatelyRead MoreThe Legacy Of Abraham Lincoln1230 Words   |  5 Pagesto run a general store. Abe was so honest if he accidentally over charged someone very little money he would run miles to give it back. One time the store owner set up a wrestling match. Against the leader of rowdy gang, jack Armstrong. Abe agreed to wrestle were not sure if he won or not a lot of people had different opinions. Jack and Abe became close friends for years when Jack so his strength. Abraham Lincoln worked to earn money by doing farm work. When some people saw him reading while workingRead MoreThe Legacy Of Abraham Lincoln1055 Words   |  5 PagesAbraham Lincoln is one of America’s greatest presidents if not the greatest. He changed the entire history of this nation with just a few words and one of the bloodiest wars in American history. The significance of the United States Lincoln penny is overlooked by most, but some believe it s one of America’s more compelling artifacts. The centennial of Lincoln’s birth, 1909 his face was first printed on the United States penny. Beginning in 1960 the Lincoln Memorial started being pressed on the back

World War 2 essay (Canada) - 1452 Words

During the course of the Second World War, Canada evolved into a powerful, resourceful nation that was needed by the Allies. Canada contributed significantly to the Allied war effort during World War II where they fought on land, water and air and assisted indirectly from the home front. On land, they fought in numerous battles and campaigns such as D-Day, Hong Kong, and the Italian campaign. However, they were also strong and resourceful when it came to air and naval forces in battle. But even outside of battle, Canada was still able to make a contribution through its civilians. Some of Canada’s greatest challenges and major contributions on land during the Second World War were centered in D-Day, Hong Kong, and the Italian†¦show more content†¦These battles fought by Canadians on water and in the air were significant contributions to the Allied air and naval forces. Canada’s contribution in the Allied war effort did not only come from Canadian soldiers, but also from regular, everyday citizens who never saw battle, such as those involved in the Canadian war industry, BCATP, and the Corps of Canadian Firefighters. The Canadian industry supplied a great deal of war materials for the Allies, producing â€Å"more than 800,000 military transport vehicles, 50,000 tanks, 40,000 field, naval, and anti-aircraft guns, and 1,700,000 small arms.†6 Canada’s strong war industry was required to produce as much ammunition, weapons, and vehicles as they could in order to defeat Germany, who had great industrial power at the time. In 1939, Canada became the home for major recruiting and training for pilots during the Second World War in an organization called the British Commonwealth Air Training Plan. Throughout the war, Canada had graduated 131,533 airmen, including pilots, navigators, bomb aimers, wireless operators, air gunners and flight engineers.7 These men would later become involved in the war in the air, and their numbers would greatly contribute to the Allied air superiority. During the Battle of Britain, German air forces relentlessly bombarded London andShow MoreRelatedCanadian Women and the Second World War1173 Words   |  5 PagesCanada Women and the Second World War The changing roles of women throughout history has been drastic, and none more so than the period during and after World War II. The irrevocable changes that occurred once the war started and women went to work were unprecedented. In the end, the changing role of Canada’s women during the War was the beginning of a chain reaction of events that have forever changed the Canadian workplace and also that of men’s archaic views on the capabilities of womenRead MoreWe Remember†¦ Essay939 Words   |  4 Pagesremember the world wars, revolutions and major historic battles. Most of all, we should remember the soldiers who protected our country and contributed to our well being. During these well-known historic events, the soldiers fought to protect our right to be Canadian. They risked their lives to protect us all and bring peace to the world. To respect and honour them, we wear a poppy to remember our brave soldiers on Remembrance Day. We mostly remember them when they battled in World War I. DuringRead MoreThe World s Economy Was Devastated1732 Words   |  7 Pagesneighbour to the north, Canada also felt these affects as unemployment and poverty grew. After a decade of despair, the massive rise in government spending for the Second World War and the reductions in taxes, the economies returned to prosper. With decades of industrialization, population growth and surging economies, the Western World mainly the United States and Canada, became world leaders. With the growth and mass usage of technology and telecommunications, the world saw rise to globalizationRead MoreThe Internet And Its Effects On The Environment1538 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Cyberspace has allowed people around the world to be interconnected each other to exchange ideas, services, or friendship. The development of technology and information systems has brought numerous advantages in various sectors of life including government, industry, banking, commerce, and so on. Consequently, there is a growing dependency on the utilization of the information technology. Canada along with the other developed countries has increasingly relying on internet services andRead MoreThe Spy and The Bravo785 Words   |  3 Pagesof spies and the world of espionage. The genre dates back to the mid to late 19th century. An early example of a spy novel is by an American novelist James Fenimore Cooper; The spy (1821) and The Bravo (1831). Spy fiction would mostly be influenced by events that have occurred in the real world such as, the Cold War, which will be discussed in this essay and how it became to influence the writing of spy fiction and how it built its popularity in th e literature world. The Cold War emerged in 1946Read MoreThe War Of 1812 And The Boer War1522 Words   |  7 Pagesbefore WWI include: The French Revolution, the War of 1812, and the Boer War. But WWI would forever change how war was fought, and how life was lived in the world. It ushered in many changes to society. But what if none of this ever happened? What if WWI didn’t exist and the world had never heard of the scores of casualties and millions of dollars in damage? The world would, no doubt, be a much different place. Maybe even a better place. This essay will outline some of the key elements of lifeRead MoreGlobalization of Wal-Mart1177 Words   |  5 PagesDerek Moore 9/13/12 GEB3356, Omanwa Minicase: â€Å"The globalization of Walmart† As the world’s largest retail store in the world, Walmart wants to be in every market that they can be prosperous in. They know they rule the United States market, so why not try to expand overseas and dominate those markets as well. Now that they have reached limits on expansion here in the U.S., the next step was to test the water in other nations. As they began to go international, there were many critics saying theyRead MoreThe Prohibition Of Alcohol During The 1920s1318 Words   |  6 PagesFollowing the First World War, Canadian provincial governments caved to decades of pressure from moralistic activist groups like the Temperance Movement and completely eradicated the alcohol industry: the manufacturing, distribution, and selling of liquor was now illegal. This so-called prohibition, which occurred alongside similar events in the U.S., was supposed to greatly improve society by eliminating the source of all of its evils – drunkenness – but instead was one of the greatest politicalRead MoreThe Acknowledgement Of Core And Peripheral States On Global Stage902 Words   |  4 Pagestechnology, and ideology, enables world orders in which underdeveloped countries find their gap with established states challenging to narrow. Imperialism and dependency theories were therefore begotten to explain complicated relationships between nations, among them the flow and tendency of influence. While these two get their own criticism, in the age of globalization, the notion of interdependence threatens the validity of such theories (Hesmondhalgh, 2008). However, this essay attempts to argue that imperialismRead MoreThe Inevitability of the American Revolution1736 Words   |  7 PagesMidterm Essay 13 March 2012 01 The Inevitability of the American Revolution The British colonies began on a loose foundation with the failure of Roanoke then the harsh reality Great Britain faced with the Jamestown colony. When the number of colonies grew in the New World so did Britain’s control over it’s people. The British Empire thrived off the natural resources but the continuous involvement in wars such as the Second Hundred Years’ War, and the Seven Years’ War made

Development Of Online Dating And Technology - 1881 Words

Development of online dating Yating, Wu 666285 Introduction Today, people can do many things digitally, and it would appear totally new content and new economic models in this digital age (Negroponte, Nicholas, 1996). In the decade, the percentage of Internet users escalates every year form 14.1% in 2004 to 40% in 2014, according to internetlivestats.com. Paralleling with the increasing of internet usage, online dating becomes a popular industry in some counties, and Pew Center study shows that the percentage of online dating adult user rises to 11% in 2013 from 3% in 2008 in the US (the majority of online dating). Therefore, online dating is considered to be a new profitable service. Besides, mobile devices, such as smartphones and tablets, become more prevalent; to achieve digital convergence more online dating websites provided applications which allow users to date online everywhere, and it is called mobile dating. According to a eMarketer’s report, released in 11 June 2014, that American adults spent more time on social network wi th mobile devices then with PCs, meaning that the way of doing online activities transferred from desktop to laptop and then to mobile devices. In this essay, it will mainly cover the online dating’s development and business model and its impact. Moreover, what makes online dating prevalent, and how do people change the way of finding a mate are also worth discussing. Why people do online dating? Only if people need it, it exists. TechnologyShow MoreRelatedSocial Media And Its Effect On Society1648 Words   |  7 Pagestrends in online dating and the surplus of people joining in on this new advance. Next, I will turn my focus to the justice system, where jurors are leaning on social media to aid in their decision making process in court. Lastly, whether social media has more of a positive or negative impact on adolescents will be questioned as well as finding solutions to keeping these sites and the people on them safe. Initially, social media was a simple way to connect with friends and family online, post picturesRead MoreAn Inside Look at 0nline Dating Essay1547 Words   |  7 PagesOnline Dating Online website allows individuals to contact and communicate with others through the Internet each. It follows the sociological principle of social networking. The quest of love has inspired people to invest in much thoughts and efforts in the process of building a romantic relationship. Thus, online dating becomes a popular tool for building a relationship or starting a relationship nowadays. In addition, in order to accomplish the goal of finding the perfect partner there are manyRead MoreHow Technology Has Influenced The Way People Interact With Each Other1542 Words   |  7 Pages The developments of technology have been rapidly growing over the years. Every few minutes something else is being refined. It s exciting to live through technological times and see the accelerated progress expand. Technology has greatly influenced the way people interact with each other. Social networking has connected with a great number of friends, families, communities, and had even helped some individuals find their long term love. American adults use technology for a variety of reasonsRead MoreAnalysis Of Modern Romance By Aziz Ansari1370 Words   |  6 Pagesfirst book Modern Romance, on June 16, 2015, where he teamed up with notable sociologists to uncover the mysteries of the changing dating scene around the world. Ansari states that relationships have been evolving for the past century for reasons ranging from people having different wants and desires to more advanced technology. These developments have revitalized the dating culture, but simultaneously have also mad e it very complex. Ansari’s reason for writing this book was that he was â€Å"fascinated byRead MoreSocial Medi Effects On Relationships1178 Words   |  5 Pagesdon’t realize the change that has occurred. Over the years social media has drastically increased and plays a huge role within relationships causing insecurity. Dating sites like EHarmony, Christian Mingle, and others have grown in popularity. Not only have the dating sites become more predominant, there are even ways to have dates online as opposed to in person. Social media contains social networks like Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, Snapchat, and maybe even Myspace, if people still use it. SocialRead MoreThe Negative Advantage Of Social Media1020 Words   |  5 Pagesinstance direct communication such as texting, and email allows users to easily stay and maintain relationships. Individuals and families living heavily driven social media world will have several positive and negative factors that influence their development. According to Sharaievska, and Stodolska (2015), social media can have a beneficial role in maintaining and supporting long distance relationship and reviving past relationships. Platforms like Facebook did not help develop a new relationship butRead MoreThe World s Largest Computer Network And The Internet1093 Words   |  5 Pageswhat really matters in life. In the 1990’s we witnessed a tremendous change in technology by the advancement in computer systems and the internet. The Internet is the world s largest computer network and has revolutionized electronic networking. 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Consequently, this new phenomenon affected nearly everyone in our modern society and, as many other innovations, came with its benefits and drawbacks through the means of social networks, childhood development software and a habit-forming concept. While I agree that the internet age has affected our society in both, positive and negative ways, I strongly disagree with an idea which solely blames the newly formed language for these changes. Growing upRead MoreLong Distance Relationships1595 Words   |  7 PagesLong Distance Relationships – Modern Media LuvDaSun Res/110 August 18, 2010 Christopher Benedetti Abstract Long distance relationships are no longer a thing of the past. Modern technology has made it viable for partners to stay constantly in touch during a 24-hour period. A review of five peer-reviewed journals provides a variety of perspectives of long distance relationships. The articles focus on the positive and negative aspects of Long Distance Relationships. Weaknesses, strengths and differences

Ode on a grecian urn by John Keats review Essay Example For Students

Ode on a grecian urn by John Keats review Essay For the first time the speaker almost seems to relent on the perfection of never changing and, addressing the town directly, seems to hold real and generous feeling that it will always be desolate. For ever more in line 38 now refers to emptiness. It is as if the vivid, fresh mood of stanza three has been reversed. The speakers interaction with the urn ends, however, as being frozen, it can offer no more answers and there is nothing more that it can reveal. In stanza five, the speaker takes a step backwards and considers the urn in its entirety as an inanimate object and not in terms of the scenes on it. We are again reminded of the frailty of the human condition in line 46 with When old age shall this generation waste and that the urn is safe from the ravages of time and human history. It will remain a friend to man and finally comes the message that the urn has for us. The speaker has questioned the urn for four stanzas and the reply of Beauty is truth, truth beauty answers none of the questions which have been posed. It tells us nothing about the individual features on the urn and seems to come from what the urn actually is. It is an object of beauty that the speaker has experienced. If we take it that the final two lines are spoken solely by the urn (although this has long been a topic of debate) it is as if the urn is saying that the speaker has been asking all the wrong questions. The final paradox of the poem is that whilst maintaining its silence, the urn as still spoken and partially answered some questions although its response is not necessarily what was expected. Despite the happy, happy tone of some parts of Ode On A Grecian urn, it is hard not to feel sadness for the joy that is only be anticipated and never actually felt. By being preserved from the passage of time, the characters on the urn are also trapped by it, never being able to reach for new joys in the future. Preservation from time forbids growth which is a key element to life itself. The themes of struggle between staying constant and changing, of joy leading to sadness, are echoed throughout Keats odes. In the final stanza of Ode On Melancholy, Keats views pleasure and pain as inextricably linked: She dwells with Beauty Beauty that must die; And Joy, whose hand is ever at his lips Bidding adieu; and aching Pleasure nigh. Turning to Poison while the bee-mouth sips: Beauty must die, joy is fleeting and the flower of pleasure will turn to poison. This seems to echo the sadness found in Grecian Urn. It is as if the joy of anticipation is overshadowed by the anticipation of the sadness which is sure to follow. In Grecian Urn, time always brings decay; here pleasure always leads to sorrow. These struggles however seem to become reconciled in Ode To Autumn. If the struggle with the urns preservation was symbolic of Keats own struggle to evade death, his overall feeling seems to have mellowed in his ode to autumn. The selection of this particular season implicitly takes up the themes of temporality, mortality and change but whereas the urns perfection lay in being immune to the passage of time, autumns seems to be that it embraces it. Despite the impending coldness and desolation of winter, autumn is a time of plenty and warmth in this ode. In the urn, the speaker found joy in it staying spring forever, but now autumn is told not to think of the songs of spring but to recognize the music it has of its own. .u9f45a9552d06d4b0b8be5ae5428f118f , .u9f45a9552d06d4b0b8be5ae5428f118f .postImageUrl , .u9f45a9552d06d4b0b8be5ae5428f118f .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u9f45a9552d06d4b0b8be5ae5428f118f , .u9f45a9552d06d4b0b8be5ae5428f118f:hover , .u9f45a9552d06d4b0b8be5ae5428f118f:visited , .u9f45a9552d06d4b0b8be5ae5428f118f:active { border:0!important; } .u9f45a9552d06d4b0b8be5ae5428f118f .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u9f45a9552d06d4b0b8be5ae5428f118f { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u9f45a9552d06d4b0b8be5ae5428f118f:active , .u9f45a9552d06d4b0b8be5ae5428f118f:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u9f45a9552d06d4b0b8be5ae5428f118f .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u9f45a9552d06d4b0b8be5ae5428f118f .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u9f45a9552d06d4b0b8be5ae5428f118f .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u9f45a9552d06d4b0b8be5ae5428f118f .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u9f45a9552d06d4b0b8be5ae5428f118f:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u9f45a9552d06d4b0b8be5ae5428f118f .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u9f45a9552d06d4b0b8be5ae5428f118f .u9f45a9552d06d4b0b8be5ae5428f118f-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u9f45a9552d06d4b0b8be5ae5428f118f:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Horses And How They Grow EssayNot only has time not damaged the beauty of nature, it has actually allowed more beauty to develop, beauty which could not be possible within the limitations of the urn. Even the understated sense of inevitable loss in the final line does no seem tragic as the birds will return as the seasonal cycle continues. Instead of joy always leading to sorrow, sorrow will now lead to joy. Hemant Sahi 1 Show preview only The above preview is unformatted text This student written piece of work is one of many that can be found in our GCSE John Keats section.

The Precise Essays - Politics Of France, European People

The Precise Q: If you had to identify the most significant causes of the Revolution, what would they be? A:First and foremost, it would be most important to analyse the political situation of France before the Revolution. The long reign of Louis the XIV (1643-1715) marked absolute monarchy at its peak in France. When Louis XIII died the next in line to take the throne was only 5 years old, Louis XIV. His mother ruled for him along side the new Chief Minister, Mazarin, who had been trained by Richelieu. Mazarin was easily hated because of his overbearing attempts to raise taxes. In the 1640's a group of courageous nobles backed by peasants led a series of revolts against the crown. The revolts alarmed the young king into believing that only a country with absolute monarchy could prevent civil war. Louis believed that his power came from God and no one should question it since he had the ?divine right.? After Mazarin's death in 1661, Louis XIV ruled as an absolute monarchy. "L'etat c'est moi" in French, meaning "I am the state", was Louis' description of his power, which shows just how insane France was becoming. Louis worked hard to build up France's glorious monarchy while his people suffered from oppression. Because of his reign's splendor, he was called the "Sun King." Louis spent fortunes on lavish palaces and opulent city buildings. The most magnificent was Versailles, near Paris, where the royal family resided. Louis ordered many officials to live with him. Those who were against him spent their time pampering King Louis XIV in hopes that he would give them pensions or higher positions in his court. In 1665 Louis the XIV named Jean Baptiste Colbert as his minister of finance to strengthen France's economy. Colbert improved taxation, supported shipbuilding and the navy, and helped industry. These times did not last very long, though. Louis' luxurious lifestyle and France's frequent wars drained the treasury. France, unlike England, had no law that could halt the amount of money that the king could spend. Another reason for the decline was Louis' religious intolerance. Louis was worried that the "Huguenots" would cause rebellion, so he forced them to convert to Catholicism. When that did not work he reverted to persecution. Many of the Huguenots fled to Protestant countries and North America. After the end of the Thirty Years War Louis wanted to expand French lands to the north and east to give France a border that was easier to defend. To make this wish a reality Louis reorganised the French army. Other European states, afraid of what his actions would be, formed alliances to resist him. Between 1667 and 1714 France went to war 4 times. The most destructive of these was the "War of the Spanish Succession". The war went poorly for France, but the war ended before France suffered great losses, which resulted in more oppression of the French people. The Peace of Utrecht, made up of several treaties, restored the balance in Europe. By the end of Louis the XIV's reign, the treasury was almost empty. Wars and careless spending had left France in debt. These troubles were made worse by the wars during the reign of Louis XV. Financial problems helped weaken the monarchy and bring on the French Revolution in 1789. Another significant reason of conflict was the incredibly stupid Three Estates system. In France, preceding the Revolution, the citizens of the country were split up into three groups or estates. The first estate was divided into two groups: the lower clergy and the higher clergy. The higher clergy came from wealthy families and the lower clergy consisted of parish priests. In the second estate were the nobles. They held the highest offices in government and paid little or no taxes. The third estate, which was the largest, consisted of peasants, city workers, and the middle class. The people in the third estate were the merchants, bankers, lawyers, doctors, & government workers. Of the three estates, the first, second, and third, the first two of these groups had all the political power, though they were a mere two percent of the total population. They also had control over the majority of the land. To add to this the nobles, the second estate, forced the peasants of the third estate to do labor and give goods to them, at no charge. This abuse of power against the lower class gave the peasants a reason to despise their "superiors." And to top

Free Online Public Schools for California Students

Free Online Public Schools for California Students California offers resident students the opportunity to take online public school courses for free. Below is a list of no-cost online schools currently serving elementary and high school students in California. In order to qualify for the list, schools must meet the following qualifications: classes must be available completely online, they must offer services to state residents, and they must be funded by the government. Virtual schools listed may be charter schools, state-wide public programs, or private programs that receive government funding. List of California Online Charter Schools and Online Public Schools California Virtual AcademiesChoice 2000Insight School of California - Los AngelesPacific View Charter School - Serving San Diego, Riverside, Orange, and Imperial Counties About Online Charter Schools and Online Public Schools Many states now offer tuition-free online schools for resident students under a certain age (often 21). Most virtual schools are charter schools; they receive government funding and are run by a private organization. Online charter schools are subject to fewer restrictions than traditional schools. However, they are reviewed regularly and must continue to meet state standards. Some states also offer their own online public schools. These virtual programs generally operate from a state office or a school district. State-wide public school programs vary. Some online public schools offer a limited number of remedial or advanced courses not available in brick-and-mortar public school campuses. Others offer full online diploma programs. A few states choose to fund â€Å"seats† for students in private online schools. The number of available seats may be limited and students are usually asked to apply through their public school guidance counselor. Choosing a California Online Public School When choosing an online public school, look for an established program that is regionally accredited and has a track record of success. Be wary of new schools that are disorganized, are unaccredited, or have been the subject of public scrutiny. For more suggestions on evaluating virtual schools see  how to choose an online high school.

What Is Human Services Common Intervention Strategies Essay

What Is Human Services Common Intervention Strategies - Essay Example The second issue is related to the ambiguity to differentiate among similar terms such as "community services," "welfare services," "human services." These terms are used interchangeably with different focus. It indicates and adds to the failure of the stakeholders in differentiating, defining and drawing a line where needed to the detriment in distribution of resources for executing welfare programs and development work under the umbrella of social services or human services. The 1962 amendments to the Social Security Act initiated a policy change by states and the federal government contributing equally, which was erstwhile limited to advanced states conducting social service programs. The purpose of the social services under the Social Security Act are "to help maintain and strengthen family life" and to assist families "to attain or retain capability for the maximum self-support and personal independence consistent with the maintenance of continuing parental care and protection." The administrative guidance stresses on services to help receivers â€Å"achieve employment and self sufficiency (Randall, 1975). The history of social services development and expenditure starting in 1969 till 1972 by Derthick provides a mirror of the legislation and functioning of social services. The area of Human Services is widely defined, distinctly meeting the purpose of fulfilling human needs via an interdisciplinary knowledge base, stressing on taking precautions, treating human issues, and showing dedication for raising the general standard of life of the people deserving attention. It is the responsibility of the human services professionals to encourage better service delivery systems by looking not only at the quality aspect of human services, but also by desiring to provide better reach, answerability, and cooperation among professionals and organizations in service delivery (NOHS, 2009). The goal of human services professionals as well as agencies is to empower the groups doing human services by: * Enlarging professional growth opportunities * Encouraging professional and agency-wide recognition through certification * Increasing internal and external information exchange * Supporting and enforcing a social policy and agenda * Fostering the monetary sustainability and development of the stake holding agencies (NOHS, 2009). The Nature of Generalist Practice Generalist practice for human services is based on the creation of social work values, insight, and abilities that can be used on people and organizations as appraisal and intervention strategies for different-in-size systems by creating and using people, families, groups, and communities (Bemidji State University, 2011). According to the Baccalaureate Program Directors (BPD), generalist social work functionaries collaborate with people, families, groups, communities and agencies in a range of social work environments. Generalist practitioners observe customers and their systems from a stren gths outlook so that the inner abilities of all human beings could be identified, advocated, and structured. By employing a professional problem resolving process, they communicate, measure, factor services, support, guide, tutor, and manage with clients by remaining on their and their systems’ side. It is the job of generalist practitioner to involve in community and institutional growth and check its service performance for bettering the service delivery system attuned towards the client (Bemidji State University, 2011). Common Intervention Strategies Human services intervention strategies depend from agency to agency guided by certain skills

Business environment Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Business environment Report - Essay Example The changing business strategies to cope with the fast transforming socio-economical paradigms of the times have become crucial factors that enable the businesses to compete against their rivals. The external factors are often the major proponents that necessitate organizational changes. The world economy is presently undergoing tremendous turmoil. In the recent past, the American economy has been under tremendous strain with its deteriorating job market and dismal performance of its various public private companies. Its offshore business has also suffered as a result of bad economic policies of the current republican government, headed by George Bush. The bankruptcy of few of its major financial institutions has resulted in the financial meltdown that has created a serious crisis situation in the American economy that has cascaded down to the rest of the world. The recessive trend in the American economy has forced the businesses to meet the challenges with creative business strategies and embrace the changing business compulsions with vigour and vitality. In a news report in the ‘Guardian’ on 3 December 2008, it was reported that UK’s top retailer, Tesco was really struggling against ‘Morrisons’ to maintain its position. While Tesco had registered its worst sales in 14 years during the Christmas, Morrisons had surged ahead towards the position of top retailer! The article was succinct in describing the cause and effects of the current recessive trend in the retail industry and the various ways through which they were trying to meet the challenges and attract customers to increase their sales. In yet another news item in the same issue, Christ Hirst had highlighted the ‘Christmas supermarket advertisements’. Hirst has revealed that the advertisements play a significant role in the boosting the sales figure and Morrisons’ ‘The campaign is about freshness and provenance,

The phenomenon of globalization

The phenomenon of globalization WAL-MARTS FOREIGN ENTRY IN GLOBAL MARKETS The phenomenon of globalization has determined many firms to spread out to overseas markets. The purpose of this paper is to examine the firms strategies for new market entry and the major issues they need to deal with while entering into new foreign markets and Wal-Mart is utilized as an example. During this expansion some firms succeeded and some failed also. Wal-Marts entry in the foreign market and its operations in the China and U.K where it was successful are examined and it can be inferred that the cultural differences and the political influences play a vital role in selecting entry mode and setting operational strategies. Also, In order to understand the failure in German retail market amongst many, the following influential factors will be considered that Germany has different culture and consumer behaviour, oligopoly market environment, unfavorable legislation and influential labour union. Additionally this entry and exit of Wal-mart affected, inevitably, other countries and most of the competitors in many aspects. In the domestic market of U.S , Wal-Mart has a considerable success. Since Wal-Mart began international operations in Mexico in 1991, it has violently expanded foreign investments all over the world, including Canada, Latin America, Europe, and the Far East. Wal-Mart expanded its international operations such as in United Kingdom, South America and China where its going highly successful , whereas in South Korea and German markets its operations were unsuccessful and it was forced to pull out of these markets mainly due to sustained losses in an incompatible culture and highly competitive market. However, Wal-mart failed to position itself when trying to penetrate the German retail market through replicating its US strategies. Initially, firms should have clear purpose for expanding overseas. Firms tend to go international for many different reasons, for example, firms may be interested in structuring a global brand image, the home market may be saturated, external initiatives to spread the product, or grabbing more market share etc. Prior to entering a particular foreign market, firms need to look upon the consumer purchasing power, market size, entry barriers, political stability and cultural and language differences. Culture plays an essential role in shaping whether a firm can last in a foreign market. . Consumers in different cultures may have different attitudes toward the same product and may value things differently. Therefore, international managers should take into account the cultural factor carefully in decision-making. Furthermore, Psychic distance also requires to be carefully addressed in the market selection stage. Psychic distance is defined as factors precluding or disturbing the flows of information between firms and markets in terms of differences in culture, language, political systems, levels of industrial development, etc (Johanson and Wiedersheim-Paul, 1975). Theoretically firms have a tendency to penetrate psychically close market to moderate risk. Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. (Wal-Mart) is the worlds biggest American retail corporation in the world. Wal-Mart is a company which is renowned for its influence on US government. Wal-Mart has a friendly legislature and government policy in accordance to its company policies and method which indeed helps them to achieve goal such as restricting tariff protections, limiting port security, the elimination of the estate tax and obtaining lucrative subsidies. According to survey Wal-Mart has received 1.2 billion from US government in form of subsidies, grants and fund. Following are few examples which shows how US government helped Wal-Mart in US: More Than $1 Billion from tax-payer funded Subsidies. A May 2004 report analyzed how Wal-Mart received more than $1 billion from over 244 taxpayer-funded subsidies status, job training/recruiting funds, and general grants. Millions To broaden the Street to Its Headquarters. In 2005, a federal highway bill signed by President Bush of $35 million to broaden Eighth Street in Bentonville which goes to Wal-Marts corporate headquarters. Employing Teens in Unsafe Conditions. An agreement was signed by the Wal-Mart with the Departments Wage and Hours Division about future child labor conditions that the teens aged 16 and 17 are prohibited to participate in activities Negotiating for Weak Enforcement. An audit by the (OIG) of the child labor found an agreement between Wal-Mart and the Department of Labor which showed serious breakdowns in the WHD [Department of Labors Wage and Hour Division] process for developing, negotiating and approving such agreements. These resulted in the WHD entering into an agreement that gave substantial concessions to Wal-Mart. In the early 1990s, Wal-Mart was enforced to expand its business into the new foreign market due to critical U.S market conditions. Firstly, In the US it faced market saturation. Wal-Mart comes up with 200 new stores each year and this fast expansion results in the short distance between its old stores and new stores. Further, the retail price difference between Wal-Mart and its key competitors has been lessened so consumers had little incentive to go to Wal-Mart. Therefore, rather than summing up the market share from its competitors, the new stores in fact gained the market share from its old stores. Finally, the progress in demand was declining because of the decreasing family sizes in the U.S. (Kim 2008) . Taking into account, all these factors, the international expansion appears as a prior strategy for Wal-Mart to promote its business growth. Wal-Mart initiated to expand internationally in 1991 with the creation of a joint venture with Citra, S.A. de C.V, Mexicos largest retailer. According to the Wal-Mart they promote its growth internationally because We need to be the growth of Wal-Mart some day when the United States slows down (as cited in Molin, 2004). The company feels the international market as a alternate when there was limited growth in the US. After creating a joint venture in 1991, Wal-Mart came out as a large international player and within one and half decade it expanded its operations in globally in many countries. Wal-Mart did not use single strategy to enter in different countries. They decide on the basis of the business, competitive and economic environments that exist in. Wal-Mart made its presence in local markets by first considering the uniqueness of each market, and then by altering its business model to suit that market. After choosing the country like China, the management makes the decision after analyzing the environment that seemed to be positive in China. The China is a country with a history of tremendous level of 1.3 billion population. In China , the governments liberalization initiative and its open policy increased disposable income of consumers because of limited competition offered by similar business models its high constant economic growth and. The retail sale in China is $1.2 trillion in 2007 and the growth of market is expected $ 2.4 trillion by 2020, which indicates that there is a big opportunity for the company. These factors attracted the Wal-Mart company to research and make their presence in China. In 1996,Wal-Mart entered China and it grew slowly. Some people pointed out on its slow growth, but according to me, the strategy of slow growth helps the Company to examine the environment in a completely different culture with regard to US. Wal-Mart had taken up those merchandising and store designs that suits the Chinese consumer requirements best. The company also tries to adopt the local culture and sourced the products from local manufactures who are familiar with the local taste of the people. Company also met the government trade and business guidelines, by adopting such type of the environment it helped the company to grow and launch its expansion plans in China. Wal-Mart is also participating in CSR- corporate social responsibility such as by getting involved in the local community and the society by donating the funds and providing the kind support of $ 8 million over the past 13 years. All such awards achieved by the company itself show its achievement in China. Another issue that contributed to Wal-Marts success in China, was labour unionization. At first, Wal-Mart was reluctant to support the idea of unionization, but the constant efforts of All-China Federation of Trade Union led to formation of union amongst Wal-Mart employees, which has contributed positively to its success. Currently, Wal-Mart carries on 7,873 stores worldwide in 15 countries among which 3,615 stores in the foreign countries and remaining in the US. Moreover its international segment gives 24.6% of the companys total revenue in 2009 fiscal year. (Global Market Direct, 2009) However, even with such enhanced international sales, Wal-Marts international division is still faraway from its one-third of total sales goal, which it was essentially expected to achieve by 2005. (1999 Annual Report) If we analyse Wal-Marts international business, we will find out a mixed story. It had substantial success in Canada, China, Mexico and the United Kingdom, but it was unsuccessful to place itself in Germany and South Korea. Wal-Mart was leading retailer and employer in US for last decade. There were more than 5000 stores in US itself. This made easier for the firm in structuring a good brand image in spite of offering cheap products. Due to its knowledge, low pricing, strategic resources, geographical presence, strategic investment, product differentiation and managerial excellence, the firm constantly had an upper edge on its competitors and generally drives them out of the business. Further reasons for Wal-Marts success was its elite relations with bureaucrats and government. Government policies usually were in harmony to Wal-Mart business and strategies. Wal-Mart had many weaknesses and pit holes also despite of being worlds no. 1 company. Wal-Mart was always criticized for poor labour practices by labour unions. In US the average salary per hour is $ 13 where as in Wal-Mart the lowest salary rate is US$ 9 per hour. Employees have prolonged working hours around ten hours a day. Further Wal-Mart is charged for adopting the tax avoidance schemes. It has also build a great reputation for destroying small and medium business. Therefore its never greeted in any society. The main weakness of Wal-Mart has been its international operation. It struggled to create a great mark in international market especially in Germany unlike America. It has been losing money from the year it penetrated German market. It has also been found that in some cases those inferior quality products are being sold because of discounted price. As a result consumers who are not price elastic have a preference over other brands. It also bears the huge labour turnover, about 44% employees leave Wal-Mart every year according to the national survey. These were some major weakness that the firm desires to come up in near future for its survival and sustenance. A number of factors that resulted Wal-Marts failure in Germany are such as different corporate culture, political influence, stiff competition and inefficient management and marketing strategies. Firstly, David Wild CEO in 2004, believed that cultural differences between American and German consumers were considerable challenges to Wal-Mart. Debby CEO in 2006 concluded that German shoppers are accustomed to shop at small scale discount stores such as Aldi and Netto that provides a limited range of products with special offers each week and no customer service, unlike US customers. In addition to different corporate culture, the competition has become gradually more intense between Wal-Mart and domestic retailers. The price difference has so lessened that sometimes even Wal-Mart had a higher price than their competitors. Consequently, consumers had little incentive to visit Wal-Mart Germany because of no obvious price advantage. Some other factors that lead to Wal-Marts failure in Germany were, their strategy of acquiring the top competitor did not work, as the German government did its best to ensure the welfare of the domestic players. Also, due to wage restrictions, Wal-Mart could not practice wage bargaining, as it did back in U.S, this was a huge, uncommon expenditure for the company. Its American strategy of restricting employee freedom and forcing them to work extra hours, brought up problems of high labour turnover and a negative image as an employer. Wal-Mart failed to have an effective management at the top level. Its CEOs changed every year,this in an obvious way effected the companys performance. Wal-Mart constantly ignored the strictness of German laws, and was charged heavy penalties for doing so. One of the most challenging thing for Wal-Mart was capturing the market- share. As per German legislation it was illegal to sell products below cost,because of which Wal-Mart could never achieve the L ow price leader tag. It is impossible to smoothly run any organization, until there is co-operation between the employees and the employer. Wal-Mart faced a severe labour unrest,which hampered its brand-image. Kay Hafner,CEO of Wal-Mart reduced the wages to cut cost, this negatively influenced individual behaviour , as an anti-union decision. As suggested by Arndt and Knorr, a firm needs to understand the specifications when indulging in global expansion.Out of all the CEOs, only David Wild has been sensitive to cultural difference.He did bring about changes based on this understanding,which had some positive results,yet not profitable enough to impress investors for future investments. Moreover,as per German legislation their were some specific retail related laws,such as, limited legal working hours (80 hours/week) which were way less than the other European countries and had strict rules governing closure on Sundays and holidays. Wal-Mart repeatedly infringement German laws but were able to do away with it mainly because of global presence and influence on the government of US which played a major role in global politics. Some of incidences where the company broke few laws and was able to get away are summed up below:- unfair trade practices such as selling goods below the cost price was prohibited in Germany but Wal-Mart was found violating these laws as it randomly sold some product below cost. German law required a company to disclose it financial statements annually, Wal-Mart seldom did that and was spared without any fine or legal proceedings at number of occasions. Obligatory Deposit Regulationdings law stipulated the retailer to provide deposit-refund-system on few products like metal beverages, cans etc. But Wal-Mart never followed this law. Thus from the above incidences it can be concluded that Wal-Mart used its global influence to refrain from some of the German laws. However, because German culture is quite different from American culture and because of unfamiliarity with the legislation, it would be difficult for Wal-Mart to make marketing and promotion right. And in fact these difficulties had been proved in Wal-Mart Germany. Consequently, rather than choosing Germany as the gateway to Europe, virtually after two years of operating in Germany it had entered in U.K .Even though U.K is not in the Euro zone and its geographic location is less favorable than Germany, it has a similar culture and legal environment as U.S. which makes it easier to operate the companys business and strategies. It has considerable success in the UK market which is called by as a Wal-Mart-ready market[palmer 2005] .Therefore, the lessons learned from from Germany has proven useful for U.K. In the United Kingdom, Wal-Mart operates under its distinct organizational culture the Wal-Mart Way, where executives act as servants and employees are known as associates. Associates are empowered to adapt to local culture and are encouraged to try out new ideas. Consequently, associate cohesiveness is strengthened, and they are willing to work hard to achieve the best results. In addition, satisfying customer needs is always placed as main goal of the company. The company aims to offer British families the things they need at affordable prices, as well as providing superior customer service and convenience. Needless to say, Wal-Mart did face challenges initially even in U.K. The British Planning Policy(PPS6) has clearly limited the construction of huge retail outlets on the outskirts of a town, which was one of its most effective strategy in the U.S According to PPS6,the local governments were required to do so until there was a call for .Wal-Mart responded to this situation by protesting the restrictive policies to the top government officials. Eventually, Wal-Mart acquired an existing retail chain ASDA, and this proved to be fruitful as it served as the best strategic fit between the companies. In the UK, ASDA was the only operator with a consistent non-food offer and Wal-Marts organisational culture had already incorporated into ASDAs management principles before the acquisition taken place. Based on the above examination of Wal-Mart, it can be concluded that Wal-Mart possessed a great influence on the US government and it used its great influence to get various tax reliefs, subsidies etc and when it entered other countries like UK, China and Germany etc, it followed the same policy to influence the government and capitalize on these relationships. Besides that there were few incidences in which the US government helped Wal-Mart in its international operations and having good relations with the foreign government which brings about the companies involvement in global politics, which is the essence of the report. However,while expanding globally Wal-Mart besides carrying all these good relationships still had to confront with the cultural, political and the other economic factors when it entered in the foreign markets because Wal-Mart to be successful only transports its domestic policy to global markets. No such one strategy or model is applicable which is appropriatefor all the markets. Consequently ,Wal-Marts US model cant be consistently applied in other countries, even in UK whose culture is very alike to that of the US. Hence, adaptation to local culture and familiarity with its legislations is a crucial step for Wal-Mart or any firm while entering to the global markets. Therefore, Firms should always make cultural and political considerations as a part of strategic planning, and locating activities in countries that possess these attributes necessary for competing in these activities of foreign entry. REFERENCES IGO Retail Analysis. (2009). Company Summary-Introduction: Wal-Mart. [Online] Available from: http://www.igd.com/analysis/channel/profile_detail.asp?channelid=1channelitemid=27profileid=1541 [Accessed:2 November 2009] Buckley, J. Peter and Ghauri, N. Pervez (1999), The Internationalization of the firm: A Reader, 2nd Edition. London: International Thompson Business Press. Johanson, Jan and Finn Wiedersheim-Paul (1975), The Internationalization of the Firm: Four Swedish Case Studies, Journal of Management Studies, October, pp. 305-22. Johanson, J. and Vahlne Jan-Erik (1977), The Internationalization Process of the Firm- A Model of Knowledge Development and Increasing Foreign Market Commitments, Journal of International Business Studies, Vol. 8, Issue. 1, pp. 23-32 John Robin, Cox Howard, Grazia Letto-Gilles, Grimwade Nigel, Allen Michael, Finn Edward (2002), Global Business strategy. Thomson Osland, E. Gregory, Charles, R. Charles, and Zuo Shaoming (2001), Selecting international modes of entry and expansion, Marketing Intelligence Planning Journal, Vol.19, Issue 3, pp. 153-161. Ricker (2007) Internationalization Theory, http://www.studentbibliotek.se/doku.php/internationalization_theory Problems in international market, patiporn kitlertphiroj, University college of denver) Landler, M. and Barbaro, M., (2006). Wal-Mart finds that its formula doesnt fit every culture. The New York Times, August2.2.pp.1-3[online] Available from: http://www.nytimes.com/2006/08/02/business/worldbusiness/02walmart.html?_r=1 Wal-Mart (n.d.): 3 Basic Belief Value,[online] Available from: http://walmartstores.com/AboutUs/321.aspx [Assessed: 25 October 2009] Eurofood (1999), Wal-Mart buys Asda in UK retail shock, http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0DQA/is_1999_June_17/ai_55041044/ Fernie, J., Arnold, S. (2002), Wal-Mart in Europe: prospects for Germany, the UK and France, International Journal of Retail and Distribution Management, Vol. 30, Issue.2, pp.92-102. Knorr, A. And Arndt, A. (2003), Why did Wal-Mart dail in Germany, available at: http://www.iwim.uni-bremen.de/publikationen/pdf/w024.pdf(accessed November 3, 2009). Pioch, E., Gerhard, U., Fernie, J. and Arnold, S. J. (2009), Consumer acceptance and market success: Wal-Mart in the UK and Germany, International Journal of Retail Distribution Management, Volume 37 Number 4, pp. 205-225. IGD Analysis (2005): Chinese Wal-Mart chant gets louder. [online] Available from http://www.igd.com/analysis/news/index.asp?nid=2094 [Accessed online: 2 November 2009] Christopherson, S. (2007). Barrier to US style lean retailing: the case of Wal-Mart failure in Germany. Journal of Economic Geography, Vol. 4, No.7, pp.1-19 http://walmartwatch.com/blog/archives/secret_meeting_details_confirmed_wa_mart_lobbied_uk_government/ http://www.politicalaffairs.net/article/articleview/4737/ http://joeg.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/full/7/4/451 http://walmartwatch.com/issues/political_influence/ http://www.examiner.com/x-21521-Huntington-County-Political-Buzz-Examiner~y2009m11d28-Wal-Mart-does-again-this-time-in-Canada (http://www.themanagementor.com/kuniverse/kmailers_universe/mktg_kmailers/wal-mart.htm) (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wal-Mart) http://www.fundinguniverse.com/company-histories/WalMart-Stores-Inc-html)

The Theories of Porfiry in Dostoevskys Crime and Punishment :: Dostoevsky Crime and Punishment

The Theories of Porfiry in Crime and Punishment Raskolnikov commits a murder. He has a theory. Porfiry is an investigator. He too has a theory. Porfiry's is getting closer and closer to winning. Porfiry Petrovich believes many things about criminal nature--and therefore he believes these things will happen to Raskolnikov, the man that he has pinned as the perpetrator or the murder. He uses the comparison of a butterfly moving closer to a candle, the fact that if he lets the criminal wallow in mixed freedom and terror he will be able to complete a mathematical proof of the crime, and that the criminal's best move is to tell the truth, during which endeavor he will ultimately lie and fumble his plan. Perhaps Porfiry Petrovich is an excellent wax maker. He also has some very powerful and resilient matches. He uses these skills to light and let burn a candle that keeps Raskolnikov coming to him, so far twice, on the naive pretense of seeing about his father's watch. We know that Raskolnikov no longer has any care for things in the mat erial world. He deposits all that he stole under a rock. He gave Katerina's family 25 roubles. Money and goods are not a concern for Raskolnikov. He is there because of the undeniable force of the light which Porfiry is relentlessly shining on him. Raskolnikov fits this aspect of Porfiry's theory expertly. Unlike Porfiry did to Raskolnikov's theory, Raskolnikov can find no holes to pick in Porfiry's. Descartes believed that mathematics was the only thing that really existed with certainty besides his own existence, his own mind. Porfiry strongly believes in the benefit of having a "mathematical" proof in order to determine the guilty nature of a suspect. Like Descartes, Porfiry is able to doubt all things, such as circumstantial evidence and inclination, in order to await the completion and realization of a "mathematical formula" that leads directly to the true perpetrator of the crime. Porfiry's equation though is not yet balanced. This is why Raskolnikov is still spared for a time. The eventual arrival of Nikolay disrupts this drive to develop a concrete mathematical theory for Porfiry.

Orthodox Christianity Essay

For centuries, the two major Christian sects of Orthodox Christianity and Roman Catholicism have been a center of comparison because of the resemblance in both religions’ beliefs and practices. But in my recent visit to the Cathedral of Christ the Savior in Miami, I have discovered the stark contrasts to what popular notions hold. Particularly, what befell upon me was a revelation that Orthodox Catholicism differs from Roman Catholicism and other conventional Christian churches as far as relevant doctrines, laws, standards for morality, organizational leadership, church services, and religious ceremonies are concerned. While Orthodox Christianity is generally being compared as similar to Roman Catholicism, its basic and complex theologies both concur to and diverge from that of the Roman Catholic faith. Orthodox Christians generally regard their religious system as a direct continuance of Christ’s ministry; they believe that their very sect is part of a long continuing tradition, otherwise called the Holy Tradition, which started during the first century and remained pure and intact despite the drastic changes that occurred across the world over the centuries (Ware 7-8). Orthodox Christian belief likewise holds that the Bible is the life giving tome of the church because it contains and uncovers the will of God, reveals the relationship between God and the early Israelites, narrates the events that happened during the ministry of Jesus, as well as Christ’s foundation of the first church (Ware 194-196). Apart from the sacred readable contents of the Bible, Christian Orthodoxy also considers it as the sole living witness to the centuries old tradition the sect continues to practice. And with blessing from the early church leaders with guidance from the Holy Spirit, the books of the Bible were expressed as the apostles’ way of handing down the tradition from one generation to another. Christian Orthodoxy merits the Nicene Creed with the highest of regard and considers it as a basis of its beliefs (Ware 202). As such, in its belief in the nature of God, Orthodox Christianity employs a Trinitarian concept or one God with three different personas: The Father, The Son, and The Holy Spirit. The Orthodox doctrine furthers that God is an omnipotent being that constitutes no physical form, and is therefore a transcendent being (Ware 210-211). A Distinct Orthodox Catholic belief is in the concept that man is an image and likeness of God. This belief is stressed in extreme senses that Orthodox Christianity’s adherents consider humankind’s resemblance to God as a means of carrying the icon of God within the self (Benz 18). Because of the central idea that man is the image and likeness of God, Orthodox Catholicism’s notion of the original sin differs from most Christian traditions in such a way that the sin committed by Adam and Eve is not morally and spiritually inherited by humans. Instead, original sin is the separation from God’s grace and acquisition of physical and spiritual mortality (Benz 19). And humankind’s separation from God is an action out of free will, particularly when Adam and Eve chose to listen to the serpent’s word and their give in to their urge. Furthermore, Christian Orthodox belief suggests that the fall of man stained all of God’s creation with sin, and corruption while implying that Adam and Eve’s eviction from paradise is God’s way of avoiding man’s sin, wickedness, and corruption from lasting endlessly (Ware 218-219). The Orthodox Christians’ general concept of sin and corruption meanwhile is milder than any other Christian sect or any other religious system for that matter. Sin, as Orthodox Christian doctrine holds, encompasses a contamination, deformation, and infliction of damage on God’s image. However despite sin’s vile nature and humanity’s vulnerability to it, man remains as noble beings because of the simple fact that humans are created in the image of God (Benz 19). As much as the beliefs and practices have renewed my perspective of Orthodox Catholicism, the church service I became part of was a very overwhelming experience. I thought my religion was already rich in traditions and customs, but what I saw and experienced in the ceremony brought my knowledge of Orthodox Christianity to new heights as I have seen and distinguished the difference of the ceremony from conventional Christian sects. Before going to the church, I thought to myself that it is simply going to be a typical service in a Christian place of worship similar to the ones documented in Christian television networks. However, set my eyes on the church, the distinctive style of the structure surprised me as I have observed a slight difference in the church’s architecture. I expected the church to have a dome-shaped top which is a recognizable design of most Christian churches. Except for the cross on the tip of the church’s roof, the external appearance of the church resembles a mosque. The color scheme, the golden plates on the roof all appear to me as elements of Islamic design. As I entered the church, I have received a warm welcome from the church’s senior warden Gary Popovich. He mentioned that every part of the cathedral was a sanctuary for everyone, even to non-orthodox Christians. As Mr. Popovich gave me a mini tour of the church, the interiors further made me notice the distinction of Orthodox Church structures from that of most Roman Catholic structures. While both churches are known to have long, wide aisles leading to the altar, Cathedral of Christ the Savior’s hallway leading to the altar was a little compact despite the conventionality of its length. However, the lobby area of the church, or the narthex as it is properly called, was similar to lobbies of other churches in such a way that it has a board which posts announcements of the church’s activities for the week. Mr. Popovich however added that apart from the usual acknowledging of guests, the narthex is also significant in that tables are set up there during Easter to bless food that would be taken home by adherents after days of fasting and abstinence in the Lenten season. And in days of divine service and obligation, candles and offerings are sold in the narthex. As I was to be part of the Eastern Orthodox Communion for a day, Mr. Popovich toured me to the inner areas of the church. We then proceeded to the main area of the church, which, Mr. Popovich regarded as the nave. This area is where the people stay during divine services, and is thus considered sacred ground. Along the walls and the ceiling of the nave of the cathedral, I noticed numerous portraits of individuals considered holy by Orthodox Catholics including a large portrait of Christ in the ceiling. Mr. Popovich was about to give me a guided tour of what he calls an iconostasis or the room where all of the religious figures and paintings were placed, when he told me to be prepared because the service was about to start. So I proceeded to the nave to participate in the upcoming service. Although I did not clarify if there was any appropriate attire for adherents, I wore the conventional clothing reserved for church attendance. As the service started, everyone gathered in the nave of the cathedral. I first noticed that no one among the people in attendance was wearing casual clothing. The people around me had conservative clothing; the males wore formal attire with collared shirts and sleeves with cuffs. The females were all wearing mid-length and long skirts as well as blouses with sleeves. In addition, most of the women, though not all of them, sported head scarves during the service. Furthermore, apart from the clothing, I also noticed the cathedral’s segregation scheme. All the males were on the right hand side of the nave, while the females were on the right wing of the nave. While I was fascinated by the formality of the people in the church, I never asked them the relevance of wearing such clothing. I simply thought that the sanctity of their church together with the value they uphold for their tradition includes dressing well during services. Mr. Popovich informed me prior to the service that what I am going to be part of was the evening services otherwise the Vespers. I recall senior warden Popovich previously discussed that the Vespers begins at 9 in the evening, an hour which was actually based on the exact time of Christ’s death: 3:00 pm or the 9th hour in antiquated time. The service starts with the priest’s ceremonial blessing and continued with the usual beginnings, which, is basically a sequence of prayers that include the trisagion or the common hymn in almost every Orthodox liturgical service (Perry & Melling 190). The service then proceeded with the recital of the Lord’s Prayer before the actual scripture reading of psalms took place. The reader read about three psalms before reciting another short hymn called the troparion (Perry & Melling 37). Another hymn called the theotokion followed the troparion, the hymn was sung in honor of the mother of God. Particularly, the hymn honors the virgin mother of God for the incarnation of Christ through her. The singing of the hymn also coincided with the entrance of the clergy; the clergy coming from the Holy Doors signified that the creation of the world also marks man’s selection to live in paradise (Perry & Melling 295). As the service was progressing, I took a small window of time to look around and observe what was happening around me. In doing so, I noticed that most people get distracted at what they do knowing that an unfamiliar person is present to witness what they do, but I felt their utmost dedication to their obligations to God because my very presence did not even cause them to be distracted at what they do. Similarly, as much as it was a rare occasion for me to be part of their usual service, they must have felt that it was also a rare occasion to have an outsider among them, yet their dedication remained pure and untainted. A series of readings soon followed, after the clergy’s entrance, another series of hymns, the Phos Hilaron and the Prokeimenon marked a transition of the service to epistle reading. During the epistle reading, the adherents hear the words of God for enlightenment. For the first part, the reader read a passage from the Bible’s Old Testament. At the time, the reading was taken from the book of Elijah which announced what message God’s promised messiah would bring. After the reading of the scriptures, the Vespers was concluded by the Litany of Fervent Supplication and the final blessing of the presiding clergy. During the Litany of Fervent Supplication, the adherents pray that God may grant all Christians mercy. The litany is a responsorial prayer wherein the reader asks for mercy in every aspect and the people respond with the words â€Å"Grant it, O Lord. † After the final blessing has been given, the crowds of people are dismissed accordingly. Based on what I have seen in the liturgical service I attended, Orthodox Catholicism is a religion filled with tradition, symbolisms and customary ceremonies. But true service to God is not really measured by the traditions, the customs, and other rituals of sacrifice and praise; the true essence of serving God lies in a person’s obedient and relentless faith. Ultimately, the sacrifices and the customs do not matter if a person has little or weak faith. Works Cited Benz, Ernst. â€Å"The Eastern Orthodox Church: Its Thought and Life† New Jersey: Aldine Transaction, 2008 Parry, Ken & David Melling. â€Å"The Blackwell Dictionary of Eastern Christianity† Malden, MA. : Blackwell Publishing, 1999. Ware, Timothy. â€Å"The Orthodox Church: New Edition†. New York: Penguin Books, 1997

Differential Evolution Of Human Science And Innovation

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